Original Title: Professional Popular Science | What is CBD (Cannabidiol)? CBD structure. After that, Santavy gave the stereostructure of CBD in 1964 and published its related data; Jones determined the crystal structure of CBD in 1977 and reported two independent stereostructures of CBD. Stereostructure of two optical isomers of CBD As shown in the figure above, cannabis plants produce levorotatory (-) – CBD, while chemically synthesized CBD is usually a 1:1 mixture of the two isomers. II. Extraction of CBD At present, CBD can be obtained through the following three ways: 1. Extract from flowers and leaves of cannabis plants Different parts of cannabis plants have different contents of CBD. Taking industrial hemp as an example, the descending order of content is: fruit bract, bract, flower, small and tender leaves, old and large leaves, branch, trunk, root and fruit. CBD can be extracted by collecting the high content of cannabinoid-like biomass. Expand the full text 2. Chemical synthesis CBD can be obtained by chemical synthesis. The CBD obtained by this method is often a mixture of levorotatory and dextrorotatory isomers. Because their properties are very close, if they need to be separated, the cost is high. 3. Microbial preparation Recently, some scientists have transferred the gene that produces CBD into Escherichia coli, which has the ability to secrete CBD. It can produce CBD by cultivating a large number of bacteria in a way similar to fermentation. Of course, this kind of frontier research acquisition is still a long way from large-scale industrial production. Therefore, at present, the most feasible and economical production method of CBD is to extract it directly from cannabis plants. Difference between CBD and THC When it comes to CBD, we have to mention THC. They have exactly the same formula: 21 carbon atoms, 30 hydrogen atoms, and 2 oxygen atoms. But subtle differences in the way atoms are arranged lead to different effects on the body. CBD and THC are chemically similar to endocannabinoids in the human body,molecular distillation systems, which enables them to interact with cannabinoid receptors (there are two types of cannabinoid receptors, called CB1 and CB2, CB1 is mainly distributed in the epidermis of nerve cells in the brain, central nervous system and myenteric plexus, and CB2 is mainly distributed in the epidermis of nerve cells in the visceral system). This interaction affects the release of neurotransmitters in the brain and the gut. THC mainly activates CB1 receptors in vivo, thus making people feel "High", while CBD has a certain inhibitory effect on CB1 receptors. Because CBD can affect the metabolism of THC in the human liver, it can greatly reduce the harm of THC to the human body. CBD and THC share many of the same medical benefits,rotovap distillation, and they can relieve several of the same symptoms. However, CBD does not cause the hallucinogenic effects produced by THC and has no side effects of THC. CBD may be use to help treat a variety of other conditions such as: seizure, inflammatory pain, psychosis or psychotic disorder, inflammatory bowel disease, nausea, migraine, depression, anxiety, pain, muscle spasms, glaucoma, insomnia, loss of appetite, and that like. In June 2018, the US Food and Drug Administration approved the first prescription drug containing CBD, cbd crystallization equipment ,thin film distillation, Epidiolex, which is used to treat rare and difficult to control epilepsy. In general, although cannabidiol (CBD) and tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) are also natural compounds found in cannabis plants, they are two completely different substances. CBD, a powerful antioxidant, was extracted from the cannabis plant two decades before THC, and a series of scientific studies have shown that it has a positive effect on the human body. Cannabidiol has been approved as a medicinal and food additive in many countries around the world. So, cannabidiol CBD is not the marijuana THC you think it is. IV. Uses of CBD CBD is a pure natural ingredient extracted from industrial hemp. In addition to blocking the adverse effects of polyphenols such as THC on the human nervous system, it also has a series of physiological activities such as blocking breast cancer metastasis, treating epilepsy, anti-rheumatoid arthritis, anti-insomnia and so on. As early as 2003, a company applied for a patent in the United States to use CBD as a neuroprotective agent and antioxidant. In recent years, low concentration of CBD has appeared in health care products, food and skin care products, and the mysterious CBD has gradually been recognized by most people. Here are some of the current uses of cannabidiol. 1 01 Anti-neurological disease Cannabidiol has a wide range of biological effects, with a variety of potential sites of action in the nervous system. It has been evaluated as a therapeutic agent for neurological diseases, such as anxiety, schizophrenia, addiction, neurodegenerative diseases, hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy and so on. 2 01 Treat epilepsy In the mid-19th century in Europe, Scottish doctors used cannabinoids to treat epilepsy in children, which was widely supported by neuroscientists at that time. At present, there is a drug Epidiolex containing 98% CBD in the United States, which is produced by GW Pharmaceutical Company in the United Kingdom and approved by the Food and Drug Administration of the United States. It is mainly used for the treatment of two special types of epilepsy. 3 01 Anti-inflammatory, joint and nerve pain relief At present, the study of CBD has also found that it has certain effects in anti-rheumatoid arthritis, gastroenteritis, anorexia, brain tumors and other aspects, and also has some help in the prevention of cancer and diabetes. 4 01 Hepatic protective function It is very helpful to prevent liver cancer and cirrhosis, and can help people who drink and smoke for a long time to reduce their dependence on alcohol and nicotine. 5 01 Improve skin and treat eczema Improve skin inflammation, relieve skin sensitivity and redness, improve skin self-repair ability, restore skin health, treat eczema, etc. 6 01 Kill cancer cells and resist tumor CBD can inhibit the proliferation and metastasis of tumor cells or induce their autophagy or apoptosis. CBD also has some inhibitory effects on glioma, leukemia and prostate cancer. 7 01 Metabolism and immunomodulation CBD can regulate metabolism and immunity by regulating the level of inflammatory factors and controlling the production of interferon. 8 01 Cardiovascular protection CBD has a protective effect on blood vessels. CBD has vasodilator activity mediated by the activation of PPARγ. 9 01 Anti-spasticity CBD has the activity of reducing or stopping spasms. CBD has been found to potentiate the antispasmodic effects of phenytoin and sedative hypnotics. 10 01 Antibacterial CBD has certain inhibitory activity against both staphylococci and streptococci against MRSA (drug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus) infection. In addition, CBD has antipsychotic and antigram-positive effects; it is effective in the control of dystonia, dyskinesia, and Myriasis 。 11 01 Anti-anxiety and sedation It can relieve stress and reduce the occurrence of ulcers due to stress. CBD can prevent anxiety caused by THC, and even has an impedance effect on other central nervous system effects caused by THC. 12 01 Antioxidant CBD also has antioxidant effects, which can resist glutamate neurotoxins (stronger than ascorbate or vitamin E), and is a potential antioxidant. 13 01 Anti-emetic Because CBD has little toxicity, it has a good application prospect in relieving nausea and vomiting after chemotherapy. 14 01 Anti-insomnia Relatively high dose of CBD (160 mg) can significantly prolong the sleep time of insomniacs, allowing them to fall asleep naturally and relaxed. ······ The use of industrial hemp and CBD is growing rapidly, especially in the anti-epileptic, anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory,wiped film distillation, antipsychotic and other aspects of the beneficial effects of more and more attention. With the continuous expansion of the legalization of industrial hemp cultivation in the world and the deepening of the research on CBD (cannabidiol), people's understanding of the effectiveness and safety of CBD has greatly increased, and CBD will better benefit mankind. Return to Sohu to see more Responsible Editor:. toptiontech.com